PARADOXES OF THE MUSEIFICATION OF THE PAST IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY-CHILE: THE CASE OF THE COLONIAJE EXHIBITION OF 1873.

The ColoniajeExhibition,held in September inSantiago,Chile,repre- sents a milestone in the history of Chilean museums. As the first retrospective display of the history of the Chilean nation, it was an important precedent for the collections that led to the construction of the National Historical Museum in 1911. By examining the ideas associated with the history of the colonial era and the museography related to the exhibition, this article analyses the ambiguous ways in which the Coloniaje Exhibition mobilised the colonial past in the context of the ascendancy of liberalism and the transformation of Santiagos urban social life. Situated between alienation and identification – between critiquing the colonial system and celebrating its imprint on Chilean society – the Coloniaje Exhibition is important for the understanding of post- colonial societies in Latin America.